Sunday, November 11, 2012

Millet Diversity helps in Diabetes Management



In our country, several varieties of millets are available around the year. There are at least 8 millets namely, Sorghum, pearl millet, kodo millet, barnyard millet, proso millet, finger millet, little millet, foxtail millet are popular across the country. In each millet there are several land races exist which possess distinguish characters. Like different color, flavour, cooking time and medicinal values. For example Kharif Sorghum, Finger millet  and Barnyard millet are believed to be best in diabetic diets.     
Nutritionists actually give diabetics a lot of dietary options based on millets which are traditional and safe whole grains. With millet consumption, the blood sugar levels are controlled. Millets being natural sources of fibre, calcium, magnesium, the medication automatically comes down and other functions are also perfectly balanced.   
The millets have high fibre; because of this they have low glycemic index which means the rate at which glucose is released into the blood stream is very low. Therefore millets are beneficial for diabetes. All kinds of millets can be taken - sorghum and pearl sorghum are very good as roti, poridge, or upma. Millet consumption helps to maintain healthy levels of blood sugar. Diabetics are usually advised to eat “pulkas” made with wheat flour. Instead they should be advised to choose from a variety that includes Sorghum, pearl millet, kodo millet, barnyard millet, proso millet, finger millet, little millet, foxtail millet.  The slow absorption regulates the insulin produced in the body system. Millets not only brings down the sugar levels but also improves the insulin response.
Obesity leads to diabetes.  Polished rice yields plenty of calories and leads to obesity and increases the blood sugar levels. Hence, to control sugar, we need to include millets in our normal diet. Millets have a high satiety value, so they control and prevent consumption of huge portions. Mineral and other nutrients and fibre reduce insulin resistance in the body. Millets in combination with pulses are very healthy for diabetics.
Millets are rich in fibre and nutritional photochemical which fight stress. They also have good amounts of vitamin and minerals. In every respect, millets are much better than the staple south Indian rice. To meet health needs, to maintain low sugar levels and to meet nutritional requirements; one must and should get on to millets. Nutritionists slowly introduce millet based diets to diabetics. This will ensure choice based healthy dietary variety
 Men and women suffer from diabetes and complications related to diabetes. Millets play a major role in the sense that they have a low glycemic index which regulates the availability of glucose to the system.  Hence, they have a definite advantage over polished refined rice  
Fibre rich, millets help prevent constipation, thus helping toward a healthy digestive system. Fibre also helps to slow down the release of glucose which reduces load on insulin.
The traditionally Foxtail millet is soft cooked eaten with curd and today science approves that this is the food with low glycemic index.   Millet and other whole grains are a rich source of many nutrients including magnesium, a mineral that acts as a co-factor for more than 300 enzymes, including the ones involved in the body's use of glucose and insulin secretion. Regular consumption of whole grains also reduces the risk of type 2 diabetes. Research data has confirmed inverse associations between magnesium, calcium and major food sources in relation to type 2 diabetes.
Glycemic index of millet

“The Glycemic index or GI is a measure of the effects of carbohydrates on blood glucose levels. Carbohydrates that break down rapidly during digestion releasing glucose rapidly into the bloodstream have a high GI; carbohydrates that break down slowly, releasing glucose gradually into the bloodstream, have a low GI. For most people, foods with a low GI have significant health benefits” The low GI foods reduce hunger and increase satiety and improve insulin sensitivity. The prolonged absorption of carbohydrate after the consumption of low GI foods helps in lowering the blood glucose concentration.

Finger millet has high calcium, high soluble fibre, low fat and low glycemic index of malted grains is effective in controlling the blood glucose levels of diabetics. Glycemic index of some finger millet-based recipes:  Finger Millet kichidi - 34.62Finger; Millet baath – 36.12;
Little millet in combination with other millet flours and Bengal gram flour will make a good mixture of dosa or chapathi blend with low glycemic index. Little millet composite flour: 64.51
Supplementation of low Glycemic Index foxtail millet-based foods, such as biscuits (GI=50.8) significantly decreases serum glucose, serum lipids in type 2 diabetics.  Foxtail millet does have a potential for a protective role in management of diabetes. Glycemic Index of foxtail millet and its blends are the lowest compared to cereals.

Jowar, kodo millet and proso millet in combination with other millets and pulses is recommended in diabetic diets for beneficial effects as it contains good amounts of protein, calcium and fibre.

Pearl millet, being a good source of dietary fibre and phyto chemicals, is a recommended preparation of diabetic foods. Pearl millet roti and brinjal bhaji recorded the lowest glycemic response in diabetic volunteers. Barnyard Millet is an excellent source of dietary fibre with good amounts of soluble and insoluble fractions which help to maintain healthy blood sugar levels. Barnyard Millet kichidi - 34.68 Barnyard Millet baath – 36.71

Some tips for cooking millets:
Millets can replace rice virtually in all recipes..
Millets does not require more water or cooking time.
Dosa , kichidi, Idle , roti, soft cooked form , porridge, upma, pongal,  are some easy recipes for breakfast and lunch. Addition of greens not only improves taste and flavor but also enhances therapeutic and nutritional contribution.
Muruku, chakkalu, papad, kitmit biscuits - snack items can also be made and stored as ready to eat foods. 

salomeyesudas@hotmail.com

No comments:

Post a Comment